High IOP in Retinal Detachment

  • described by Ariah Schwartz in 1972
  • commonly known as Schwartz’s syndrome
  • Photoreceptor outer segments identified in the aqueous of patients with this syndrome are thought to play  role: Schwartz-Matsuo syndrome
  • Retinal reattachment surgery resulted in normalization of IOP

Causes

 
  1. Elevated IOP preceding retinal detachment
    • Ocular hypertension
    • Primary open-angle glaucoma
    • Other secondary glaucomas
       
  2. Elevated IOP and retinal detachment with common underlying etiology or association
    • Angle-recession glaucoma and traumatic retinal detachment
    • Stickler’s syndrome
    • Dislocated lens in Marfan’s syndrome
    • Aphakia, pseudophakia
    • Eyes with non-rhegmatogenous retinal detachments
      • Neovascular glaucoma associated with diabetic retinopathy and other disorders
      • Angle-closure associated with nanophthalmos and uveal effusion
      • Angle-closure and melanomalytic glaucomas associated with intraocular tumors
      • Angle-closure associated with chronic uveitis
     
  3. Elevated IOP caused by retinal detachment
    • Schwartz’s syndrome
    • Ghost cell glaucoma due to retinal tear and vitreous hemorrhage
    • Chronic retinal detachment
    • Neovascular glaucoma
    • Angle-closure glaucoma secondary to iritis, posterior synechiae, and pupillary block
   

- compiled & published by Dr Dhaval Patel MD AIIMS