High IOP in Retinal Detachment

• described by Ariah Schwartz in 1972
• commonly known as Schwartz’s syndrome
• Photoreceptor outer segments identified in the aqueous of patients with this syndrome are thought to play  role: Schwartz-Matsuo syndrome
• Retinal reattachment surgery resulted in normalization of IOP

Causes

1. Elevated IOP preceding retinal detachment
• Ocular hypertension
• Primary open-angle glaucoma
• Other secondary glaucomas
   
2. Elevated IOP and retinal detachment with common underlying etiology or association
• Angle-recession glaucoma and traumatic retinal detachment
• Stickler’s syndrome
• Dislocated lens in Marfan’s syndrome
• Aphakia, pseudophakia
• Eyes with non-rhegmatogenous retinal detachments
• Neovascular glaucoma associated with diabetic retinopathy and other disorders
• Angle-closure associated with nanophthalmos and uveal effusion
• Angle-closure and melanomalytic glaucomas associated with intraocular tumors
• Angle-closure associated with chronic uveitis
 
3. Elevated IOP caused by retinal detachment
• Schwartz’s syndrome
• Ghost cell glaucoma due to retinal tear and vitreous hemorrhage
• Chronic retinal detachment
• Neovascular glaucoma
• Angle-closure glaucoma secondary to iritis, posterior synechiae, and pupillary block